Resume vs. CV: What’s the Difference (and Which One Do You Need)?

If you’ve ever felt unsure whether to send a resume or a CV, you’re not alone. Many job seekers use the two terms interchangeably, but while they share similarities, they serve different purposes.

Understanding when to use each one can make all the difference in how you present your experience and get noticed by employers.

What Is a Resume?

A resume is a concise, tailored summary of your work experience, education, and skills. It typically is one to two pages long. Its purpose is to show employers how your background directly aligns with the specific job you’re applying for.

Key traits of a resume:

• Length: 1–2 pages max.

• Focus: Highlights your most relevant skills, achievements, and experience.

• Customization: Tailored for each position or industry.

• Audience: Used for most corporate, business, healthcare, and technology jobs in the U.S. and Canada.

Think of a resume as your marketing brochure, quick, strategic, and targeted.

What Is a CV?

A Curriculum Vitae (CV) is a more detailed, comprehensive record of your entire career history. It’s often used for academic, research, medical, or international applications.

Key traits of a CV:

• Length: Can be multiple pages, there’s no strict limit.

• Focus: Provides an in-depth overview of your entire academic and professional background.

• Content: Includes research, publications, presentations, fellowships, and professional memberships.

• Audience: Common in academia, higher education, and international roles.

A CV tells your whole story. A resume tells only the chapter that’s most relevant.

When to Use Each

• Use a resume when applying for jobs in most industries across the U.S. — corporate, nonprofit, healthcare administration, or technology.

• Use a CV when applying for:

  • Academic or research roles

  • Grants or fellowships

  • Positions abroad (Europe, the Middle East, and Africa often request CVs)

  • Medical, scientific, or higher education positions

If you’re unsure, check the job posting, employers will typically specify which format they want.

Key Takeaway

The resume is your snapshot; the CV is your full biography.

Both have their place, but knowing when and how to use them is essential for making a strong impression.

If you need help creating a professional resume or turning your resume into a CV, Birch Group can help. We specialize in crafting tailored, polished documents that reflect your goals, industry, and expertise.

Contact us today to learn more about our resume and CV writing services.